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Mollusca - Molluscs

The following table lists the species in this taxon assessed under the Singapore Red List, which is also published in the third edition of the Singapore Red Data Book.

You may find information for the conservation statuses assessed in the second edition Singapore Red Data Book (RDB2) and third edition Singapore Red Data Book (RDB3).

The information below is accurate as at the time of the listing online for the taxon.

Checklist of Mollusca Species with their Category of Threat Status for Singapore

Prepared by Tan Siong Kiat, Tan Koh Siang

Family Genus Species Authority Common Name RDB2 RDB3
Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata (Blainville, 1825) Gemmate chiton; Jewelled chiton EN NT
Arcidae Arca navicularis Bruguière, 1789 Indo-Pacific ark Not Listed DD
Arcidae Barbatia amygdalumtostum (Röding, 1798) Burnt-almond ark Not Listed LC
Arcidae Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Granular ark; Blood cockle; Bloody cockle; Si Ham [Cantonese]; Ham [Hokkien] Not Listed DD
Arcidae Tegillarca nodifera (von Martens, 1860) Not Listed LC
Arcidae Trisidos tortuosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Twisted ark; Propellor ark Not Listed LC
Noetiidae Striarca symmetrica (Reeve, 1844) Symmetrical ark Not Listed LC
Limopsidae Limopsis excancellata Sacco, 1898 Not Listed NEx
Mytilidae Arcuatula senhousia (Benson in Cantor, 1842) Not Listed DD
Mytilidae Modiolus modulaides (Röding, 1798) Not Listed DD
Mytilidae Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) Green mussel; Green-lipped mussel; Asian green mussel Not Listed LC
Mytilidae Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Not Listed LC
Mytilidae Vignadula mangle (Ockelmann, 1983) Black mussel Not Listed DD
Nuculidae Ennucula cumingii (Hinds, 1843) Not Listed DD
Yoldiidae Orthoyoldia serotina (Hinds, 1843) Not Listed DD
Yoldiidae Orthoyoldia tenella (Hinds, 1843) Not Listed DD
Ostreidae Saccostrea cuccullata  (Born, 1778) Hooded oyster; Hooded rock oyster; Tiram [Malay]; Tiram batu [Malay] Not Listed LC
Ostreidae Magallana bilineata (Röding, 1798) Slipper oyster Not Listed LC
Isognomonidae Isognomon ephippium (Linnaeus, 1758) Saddle tree oyster Not Listed LC
Isognomonidae Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758) Wader tree oyster Not Listed LC
Isognomonidae Isognomon spathulatus (Reeve, 1858) Not Listed LC
Pteriidae Pinctada nigra (Gould, 1850) Black pearl oyster Not Listed DD
Malleidae Malleus malleus (Linnaeus, 1758) Hammer oyster; Black hammer oyster Not Listed DD
Malleidae Malleus albus  Lamarck, 1819 White hammer oyster; Ukas keris [Malay] Not Listed LC
Malleidae Malleus regula (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) Not Listed LC
Pinnidae Pinna atropurpurea  G.B. Sowerby I, 1825 VU NT
Pinnidae Atrina vexillum (Born, 1778) Flag pen-shell VU NT
Anomiidae Enigmonia aenigmatica  (Holten, 1802) Not Listed NT
Limidae Lima vulgaris (Link, 1807) Common file clam Not Listed LC
Limidae Limaria fragilis (Gmelin, 1791) Fragile file clam Not Listed LC
Pectinidae Amusium pleuronectes (Linnaeus, 1758) Asian moon scallop Not Listed NEx
Pectinidae Volachlamys singaporina  (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842) Singapore scallop Not Listed LC
Pectinidae Coralichlamys madreporarum (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842) Not Listed NT
Pectinidae Decatopecten radula (Linnaeus, 1758) Flatribbed scallop Not Listed LC
Pectinidae Pedum spondyloideum  (Gmelin, 1791) Not Listed DD
Lucinidae Austriella corrugata (Deshayes, 1843) Not Listed LC
Carditidae Cardita variegata (Bruguière, 1792) Rectangular false cockle; Variegate cardita Not Listed LC
Crassatellidae Bathytormus radiatus  (G. B. Sowerby I, 1825) Not Listed LC
Cardiidae Fragum unedo  (Linnaeus, 1758) Strawberry cockle Not Listed NT
Cardiidae Corculum cardissa (Linnaeus, 1758) True heart cockle Not Listed NT
Cardiidae Vasticardium flavum  (Linnaeus, 1758) Pacific yellow cockle Not Listed LC
Cardiidae Vasticardium pectiniforme  (Born, 1780) Not Listed LC
Cardiidae Tridacna crocea  Lamarck, 1819 Crocus giant clam; Boring giant clam Not Listed EN
Cardiidae Tridacna gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) Giant clam Not Listed NEx
Cardiidae Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) Elongate giant clam Not Listed CR
Cardiidae Tridacna squamosa Lamarck, 1819 Fluted giant clam; Kima [Malay] EN CR
Cardiidae Hippopus hippopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Horse hoof clam; bear paw clam Not Listed NEx
Donacidae Donax faba Gmelin, 1791 Pacific bean donax Not Listed LC
Tellinidae Dallitellina rostrata  (Linnaeus, 1758) Rostrate tellin Not Listed VU
Tellinidae Tellinella virgata  (Linnaeus, 1758) Virgate tellin Not Listed LC
Tellinidae Macalia bruguieri (Hanley, 1844) Not Listed LC
Psammobiidae Asaphis violascens (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) Violet asaphis; Pacific asaphis Not Listed LC
Psammobiidae Gari togata (Deshayes, 1855) Not Listed LC
Semelidae Semele carnicolor (Hanley, 1845) Not Listed LC
Cyrenidae Geloina coaxans (Gmelin, 1791) Lokan (Malay) Not Listed LC
Mactridae Mactra grandis Gmelin, 1791 Not Listed LC
Mesodesmatidae Atactodea striata  (Gmelin, 1791) Not Listed LC
Mesodesmatidae Coecella horsfieldii  Gray, 1853 Not Listed NT
Trapezidae Neotrapezium sublaevigatum (Lamarck, 1819) Not Listed LC
Veneridae Anomalodiscus squamosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Squamose venus Not Listed LC
Veneridae Circe undatina  (Lamarck, 1818) Not Listed LC
Veneridae Gafrarium pectinatum  (Linnaeus, 1758) Comb venus Not Listed LC
Veneridae Gafrarium divaricatum (Gmelin, 1791) Forked venus Not Listed LC
Veneridae Marcia hiantina (Lamarck, 1818) Not Listed LC
Veneridae Marcia japonica (Gmelin, 1791) Not Listed LC
Veneridae Marcia recens (Holten, 1802) Not Listed LC
Veneridae Paratapes undulatus (Born, 1778) Undulate venus Not Listed LC
Veneridae Protapes gallus (Gmelin, 1791) Rooster venus Not Listed LC
Veneridae Tapes literatus  (Linnaeus, 1758) Lettered venus Not Listed LC
Corbulidae Potamocorbula nimbosa (Hanley, 1843) Not Listed NEx
Pholadidae  Barnea manilensis (Philippi, 1847) Manila piddock Not Listed NEx
Gastrochaenidae Gastrochaena cuneiformis Spengler, 1783 Not Listed DD
Penicillidae Verpa penis (Linnaeus, 1758) Common watering pot shell NEx VU
Cuspidariidae Cardiomya singaporensis (Hinds, 1843) Not Listed DD
Laevidentaliidae Laevidentalium eburneum  (Linnaeus, 1767) Ivory tusk Not Listed LC
Nacellidae Cellana testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Turtle limpet Not Listed DD
Fissurellidae Diodora singaporensis  (Reeve, 1850) Singapore keyhole limpet Not Listed LC
Fissurellidae Scutus unguis (Linnaeus, 1758) EN LC
Haliotidae Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus, 1758) EN DD
Haliotidae Haliotis clathrata Reeve, 1846 EN DD
Haliotidae Haliotis varia (Linnaeus, 1758) EN DD
Haliotidae Haliotis ovina (Gmelin, 1791) EN DD
Haliotidae Haliotis planata (G.B. Sowerby II, 1882) EN DD
Chilodontaidae Euchelus atratus  (Gmelin, 1791) Not Listed LC
Chilodontaidae Perrinia elisa  (Gould, 1849) Not Listed DD
Trochidae Trochus maculatus Linnaeus, 1758 Maculated top-shell Not Listed LC
Trochidae Trochus radiatus Gmelin, 1791 Radiated top-shell Not Listed LC
Trochidae Chrysostoma paradoxum  (Born, 1778) Not Listed LC
Trochidae Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758) Thick-lipped top-shell; Toothed top-shell Not Listed LC
Trochidae Umbonium vestiarium (Linnaeus, 1758) Button top-shell; Common button top VU NT
Tegulidae Rochia maxima (Koch in Philippi, 1844) Great top-shell VU LC
Tegulidae Tectus pyramis (Born, 1778) Pyramid top-shell; Siput tudong [Malay] Not Listed CR
Angariidae Angaria delphinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common delphinula; Dolphin shell Not Listed LC
Turbinidae Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758 Tapestry turban EN VU
Turbinidae Turbo bruneus  (Röding, 1798) Brown Pacific turban; Brown dwarf turban Not Listed LC
Turbinidae Astralium calcar (Linnaeus, 1758) Spurred star shell Not Listed LC
Neritidae Nerita albicilla  Linnaeus, 1758 Ox-palate nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Nerita articulata Gould, 1847 Lined nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Nerita chamaeleon Linnaeus, 1758 Chameleon nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Nerita histrio Linnaeus, 1758 Scaly nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Nerita planospira Anton, 1838 Flat-spired nerite VU NT
Neritidae Neripteron cornucopia (Benson, 1836) Not Listed LC
Neritidae Neripteron violaceum (Gmelin, 1791) Violet nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Clithon faba (G.B. Sowerby I, 1836) Bean nerite Not Listed LC
Neritidae Clithon oualaniense  (Lesson, 1831) Guamanian nerite VU LC
Cerithiidae Cerithium coralium  Kiener, 1841 Coral cerith Not Listed LC
Cerithiidae Cerithium traillii G.B. Sowerby II, 1855 Traill's cerith EN NT
Cerithiidae Cerithium nodulosum Bruguière, 1792 Giant knobbed cerith Not Listed VU
Cerithiidae Cerithium zonatum (W. Wood, 1828) Not Listed LC
Cerithiidae Clypeomorus petrosa  (W. Wood, 1828) Stony cerith Not Listed NT
Cerithiidae Rhinoclavis aspera (Linnaeus, 1758) Rough vertagus Not Listed EN
Cerithiidae Rhinoclavis vertagus  (Linnaeus, 1767) Common vertagus Not Listed EN
Cerithiidae Rhinoclavis sinensis (Gmelin, 1791) Obelisk vertagus Not Listed LC
Planaxidae Planaxis sulcatus (Born, 1778) Furrowed clusterwink Not Listed LC
Planaxidae Fissilabia decollata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) Not Listed DD
Potamididae Cerithidea obtusa (Lamarck, 1822) Obtuse horn-shell; Chut-chut [Hokkien]; Belitong [Malay] Not Listed LC
Potamididae Cerithidea quoyii (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) Not Listed LC
Potamididae Pirenella alata (Philippi, 1849) Winged horn-shell Not Listed LC
Potamididae Pirenella cingulata (Gmelin, 1791) Girdled horn-shell Not Listed LC
Potamididae Telescopium telescopium (Linnaeus, 1758) Telescope snail; Telescope horn-shell; Telescope mud creeper; Berongan [Malay]; K'ua Ca Teng [Hokkien] Not Listed LC
Potamididae Terebralia palustris  (Linnaeus, 1767) Mud creeper; Mangrove whelk Not Listed EN
Potamididae Terebralia sulcata (Born, 1778) Sulcate planaxis Not Listed LC
Turritellidae Turritella terebra (Linnaeus, 1758) Tower screw-shell; screw shell VU DD
Littorinidae Echinolittorina malaccana (Jonas & Philippi in Philippi, 1847) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Echinolittorina melanacme (E.A. Smith, 1876) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Echinolittorina vidua (Gould, 1859) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Littoraria carinifera (Menke, 1830) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Littoraria conica (Philippi, 1846) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Littoraria melanostoma (J.E. Gray, 1839) Not Listed LC
Littorinidae Littoraria vespacea D.G. Reid, 1986 Not Listed LC
Calyptraeidae Ergaea walshi (Reeve, 1859) Not Listed LC
Cypraeidae Cypraea tigris Linnaeus, 1758 Tiger cowrie EN VU
Cypraeidae Eclogavena quadrimaculata (J.E. Gray, 1824) Four-spotted cowrie Not Listed NT
Cypraeidae Erronea errones (Linnaeus, 1758) Not Listed LC
Cypraeidae Erronea onyx (Linnaeus, 1758) Not Listed LC
Cypraeidae Erronea ovum (Linnaeus, 1758) Not Listed LC
Cypraeidae Mauritia arabica (Linnaeus, 1758) Arabian cowrie VU LC
Cypraeidae Monetaria moneta (Linnaeus (1758) Money cowrie Not Listed CR
Cypraeidae Monetaria annulus (Linnaeus, 1758) Gold-ring cowrie EN CR
Cypraeidae Naria miliaris (Gmelin, 1791) Millet cowrie Not Listed LC
Naticidae Notocochlis tigrina  (Röding, 1798) Tiger moon Not Listed LC
Naticidae Tanea lineata (Röding, 1798) Lined moon Not Listed LC
Naticidae Polinices mammilla (Linnaeus, 1758) Pear-shaped moon Not Listed LC
Truncatellidae Truncatella guerinii A. Villa & J. Villa, 1841 Not Listed EN
Strombidae Lambis lambis  (Linnaeus, 1758) Common spider conch VU NT
Strombidae Euprotomus aratrum (Röding, 1798) CR DD
Strombidae Laevistrombus turturella  (Röding, 1798) Pearl conch; Gonggong [Malay]; Siput gonggong [Malay]; Gonggong betina [Malay] Not Listed LC
Strombidae Canarium urceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Little bear conch; Siput gonggong [Malay]; Gonggong [Malay]; Gonggong jantan [Malay] VU LC
Cassidae Phalium glaucum (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey bonnet EN NT
Bursidae Bufonaria rana (Linnaeus, 1758) Common frog shell Not Listed LC
Cymatiidae Gyrineum natator (Röding, 1798) Not Listed LC
Triviidae Trivirostra oryza  (Lamarck, 1810) EN NT
Xenophoridae Stellaria solaris (Linnaeus, 1764) Sunburst carrier Not Listed DD
Pisaniidae Engina armillata (Reeve, 1846) Not Listed LC
Pisaniidae Pollia fumosa  (Dillwyn, 1817) Not Listed LC
Melongenidae Volegalea cochlidium (Linnaeus, 1758) Spiral melongena Not Listed LC
Melongenidae Volema myristica  Röding, 1798 Nutmeg melongena Not Listed VU
Columbellidae Euplica scripta (Lamarck, 1822) Not Listed LC
Columbellidae Pardalinops testudinaria (Link, 1807) Not Listed LC
Columbellidae Pictocolumbella ocellata (Link, 1807) Not Listed LC
Columbellidae Pseudanachis basedowi (Hedley, 1918) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassaria acuminata (Reeve, 1844) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassaria pusilla (Röding, 1798) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassarius jacksonianus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassarius livescens (Philippi, 1849) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassarius olivaceus (Bruguière, 1789) Not Listed LC
Nassariidae Nassarius pullus (Linnaeus, 1758) Not Listed DD
Muricidae Murex ternispina Lamarck, 1822 Black-spined murex Not Listed VU
Muricidae Murex trapa Röding, 1798 Rare-spined murex VU LC
Muricidae Chicoreus brunneus (Link, 1807) Burnt murex; Adusta murex Not Listed LC
Muricidae Chicoreus capucinus (Lamarck, 1822) Mangrove murex Not Listed LC
Muricidae Chicoreus ramosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ramose murex; Giant murex; Branched murex EN NT
Muricidae Chicoreus torrefactus  (G.B. Sowerby II, 1841) Firebrand murex; Scorched murex Not Listed NT
Muricidae Drupella margariticola (Broderip in Broderip & G.B. Sowerby I, 1833) Not Listed LC
Muricidae Drupella rugosa (Born, 1778) Rugose drupe; Rough rock-shell Not Listed NT
Muricidae Ergalatax contracta (Reeve, 1846) Not Listed LC
Muricidae Tenguella musiva (Kiener, 1835) Musical drupe Not Listed LC
Muricidae Indothais gradata (Jonas, 1846) Not Listed LC
Muricidae Indothais rufotincta K.S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1996 Red tinted rock shell Not Listed LC
Muricidae Mancinella echinata (Blainville, 1832) Prickly rock-shell Not Listed LC
Muricidae Reishia bitubercularis (Lamarck, 1822) Bituberculate rock-shell Not Listed LC
Muricidae Reishia clavigera (Küster, 1860) Not Listed LC
Muricidae Reishia jubilaea (K.S. Tan & Sigurdsson, 1990) Not Listed LC
Volutidae Cymbiola nobilis (Lightfoot, 1786) Noble volute VU NT
Volutidae Melo melo (Lightfoot, 1786) Baler shell; Indian volute EN VU
Olividae Oliva miniacea (Röding, 1798) Red-mouthed olive VU VU
Conidae Conus achatinus Gmelin, 1791 Turtle cone; Agate cone Not Listed DD
Conidae Conus consors  G.B. Sowerby I, 1833 Consort cone VU VU
Conidae Conus textile Linnaeus, 1758 Textile cone VU DD
Clavatulidae Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767) Javanese turrid Not Listed LC
Architectonicidae Architectonica perspectiva  (Linnaeus, 1758) Clear sundial EN DD
Pyramidellidae  Milda ventricosa (Guérin, 1830) Not Listed LC
Ellobiidae Ellobium aurismidae  (Linnaeus, 1758) Midas ear cassidula Not Listed LC
Ellobiidae Ellobium aurisjudae (Linnaeus, 1758) Judas ear cassidula Not Listed LC
Ellobiidae Ellobium scheepmakeri (Petit de la Saussaye, 1850) CR CR
Ellobiidae Pythia plicata (Férussac, 1821) Not Listed LC
Ellobiidae Pythia scarabaeus (Linnaeus, 1785) Common pythia Not Listed VU
Ellobiidae Pythia trigona (Troschel, 1838) Trigonal pythia Not Listed LC
Dyakiidae Quantula striata  (Gray, 1834) Not Listed LC
Ariophantidae Hemiplecta  keraudrenii  (Hombron &  Jacquinot, 1841) Not Listed NT
Camaenidae Amphidromus temasek S.K. Tan, Chan & Panha, 2011 Temasek amphidromus; Jade tree snail; Green tree snail EN NT
Camaenidae Amphidromus inversus (O.F. Müller, 1774) Inverse amphidromus; Brown tree snail CR CR
Loliginidae Sepioteuthis lessoniana d'Orbigny, 1826 Bigfin reef squid; Oval squid Not Listed LC
Sepiidae Sepia aculeata Van Hasselt, 1835 [in Férussac & d’Orbigny, 1834-1848] Needle cuttlefish Not Listed LC
Sepiidae Sepiella inermis Van Hasselt, 1835 [in Férussac & d’Orbigny, 1834-1848] Spineless cuttlefish Not Listed LC

 

The list of the Categories used in 3rd edition of the Red List is:

 

Category

Abbreviation

Criteria

Not Threatened

Least Concern

LC

Not approaching the above criteria

Near-Threatened

NT

Approaching but not yet reaching the threshold for the above criteria

Threatened

Vulnerable

VU

There are fewer than 1,000 mature individuals but more than 250 and there may or may not be any other evidence of decline, small range size or fragmentation.

Endangered

EN

There are fewer than 250 mature individuals and no other evidence of decline or fragmentation.

Critically Endangered

CR

There are fewer than 50 mature individuals, OR if more than 50 mature individuals but less than 250, with some evidence of decline or fragmentation.

Extirpation

&

Extinction

Presumed Nationally Extinct

NEx

The species is extinct (extirpated) within Singapore but it still survives outside Singapore.

Globally Extinct

EX

The species is extinct all over the world, both in the wild and in cultivation

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other Categories

Data Deficient

DD

Inadequate information to make an informed assessment

Not Applicable

NA

Species that are not eligible for assessment at the national level (mainly introduced taxa and vagrants)

Not Evaluated

 

NE

Species that are possibly eligible for assessment but have not yet been evaluated against the criteria

Not Listed

NL

Species not listed in the records (in the IUCN Global Red List database, or the first edition Singapore Red Data Book - RDB 1 and second edition Singapore Red Data Book - RDB 2) for whatever reason


Last updated on 24 May 2024

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