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Strombosia ceylanica Gardner
| Family Name: | Olacaceae |
| Common Name: | Belian Landak, Kamap |
Strombosia ceylanica or Belian Landak is a tall tree that grows to 36 m tall. The bark is grey to brown coloured, peels in scroll-like patches. It has glossy, smooth leaves and greenish white flowers. The star-shaped flowers are hairy on the inside, held in clusters surrounded by small woody warts.
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Name
Classifications and Characteristics
| Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon) |
|---|---|
| Plant Growth Form | Tree (Big (>30m)) |
| Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
| Maximum Height | 36 m |
Biogeography
| Native Distribution | Borneo, India, Jawa, Malaya, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, Thailand and Singapore |
|---|---|
| Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest, Secondary Rainforest) |
| Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
| Local Conservation Status | Native to Singapore (Least Concern (LC)) |
Description and Ethnobotany
| Growth Form | It is a straight tall tree, rarely a shrub that can grow to 36 m tall sometimes buttressed. It has a grey to brown bark which peels in scroll-like patches. |
|---|---|
| Foliage | Its leaves are spirally arranged, stalked. Leaves are elliptic to ovate-oblong, sometimes oval or almost round shaped, shiny, measures 8 - 25 cm long by 3 - 11 cm wide. Numerous fine dark spots are found on the surface of the leaves when viewed against strong light. |
| Flowers | Its flowers are star-like, 5 petalled, greenish white, hairy on the inside. They are clustered in a fascicle surrounded by small woody warts. |
| Fruit | Its fruit is a drupe, elliptic to almost round shaped, pink to purple in colour. The fruit has a wrinkled to warty surface, each measuring between 1.6 - 2.5 cm long. |
| Habitat | Occurs in lowland forest, brushwood, mixed Dipterocarp and secondary forest, often close to the sea, on well drained flat land or lower slopes of ridges, up to 800 m altitude. |
| Cultivation | It can be propagated by seed. |
| Ethnobotanical Uses | Timber & Products: The wood is used as timber as construction material due to its hard, heavy and durable properties. |
Plant Care and Propagation
| Light Preference | Full Sun |
|---|---|
| Water Preference | Moderate Water |
| Plant Growth Rate | Slow |
| Rootzone Tolerance | Fertile Loamy Soils, Moist Soils, Well-Drained Soils |
| Propagation Method | Seed |
Foliar
| Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
|---|---|
| Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
| Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
| Foliar Arrangement Along Stem | Spiral |
| Foliar Attachment to Stem | Petiolate |
| Foliar Shape(s) | Non-Palm Foliage (Oblong, Orbicular / Round, Ovate) |
| Foliar Venation | Pinnate / Net |
| Foliar Margin | Entire |
| Foliar Apex - Tip | Acuminate, Acute |
| Foliar Base | Cuneate, Rounded / Obtuse |
Non - Foliar and Storage
| Stem Type & Modification | Woody |
|---|---|
| Root Type | Underground (Tap Root) |
Floral (Angiosperm)
| Flower & Plant Sexuality | Bisexual Flowers , Bisexual Flowers |
| Flower Colour(s) | Green, White |
|---|
| Flower Grouping | Cluster / Inflorescence |
| Flower Location | Axillary |
| Flower Symmetry | Radial |
| Flowering Habit | Polycarpic |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
| Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Pink, Purple |
|---|---|
| Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
| Fruit Type | Fleshy Fruit , Drupe |
| Seed Quantity Per Fruit | Few (1-5) |
References
| References | Sleumer, H. (1984). Olacaceae. Flora Malesiana, ser. 1, Seed Plants, vol. 10. Leiden: Naturalis Biodiversity Center. |
|---|
Image Repository
Others
| Master ID | 33429 |
|---|---|
| Species ID | 7843 |
| Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |
