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Canarium vulgare Leenh.
| Family Name: | Burseraceae |
| Synonyms: | Canarium commune (auct., non L.) |
| Common Name: | Chinese Olive, Java Almond, Kenari-nut Tree, Kenari, Kanari Nut, Kanari Panjang, Kanali, Wild Almond |
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Name
Classifications and Characteristics
| Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon) |
|---|---|
| Plant Growth Form | Tree (Big (>30m)) |
| Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
| Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
| Plant Shape | Irregular |
| Maximum Height | 45 m |
Biogeography
| Native Distribution | In Indonesia, at the Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Sulawesi to New Guinea. |
|---|---|
| Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest, Mountain, Secondary Rainforest) |
| Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
| Local Conservation Status | Non-native (Horticultural / Cultivated Only) |
Description and Ethnobotany
| Growth Form | It is tree, up to 45 m tall. |
|---|---|
| Foliage | Its leaves are compound leaves, comprising of usually 9-11 oval shaped leaflets. Each leaflet has entire margins, leathery, with prominent secondary veins on the underside. |
| Flowers | Its flowers are unisexual, with male and female flowers borne on separate terminal inflorescences. The male flowers are about 5 mm long, while the female flowers are slightly larger, measuring about 6-7 mm long. |
| Fruit | Its fleshy fruits are ovoid and smooth, 3.5-5 cm long and 1.5-3 cm wide, green ripening dark purple or black in colour. |
| Habitat | It grows in primary lowland forests on limestone, up to 1200 m altitude. |
| Cultivation | It can be propagated by seed. |
| Etymology | Latin Canarium, from the Malay name kanari and the Moluccan name kenari; Latin vulgare, usual, common, possibly referring to the gregarious populations of this plant in its natural habitat. |
| Ethnobotanical Uses | Food (Fruit or Vegetable) (Herb or Spice) Cultural / Religious: Heritage Tree: There is 1 individual of Canarium vulgare listed as Heritage Trees in Singapore. It can be found in Singapore Botanic gardens. To find out more about this tree, please visit the Heritage Tree Register. |
Landscaping Features
| Landscaping | It is suitable for planting in parks and large gardens for its edible fruits and large bushy form. |
|---|---|
| Desirable Plant Features | Ornamental Form |
| Landscape Uses | Parks & Gardens |
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
| Pollination Method(s) | Biotic (Fauna) |
|---|---|
| Seed or Spore Dispersal | Biotic (Fauna) |
Plant Care and Propagation
| Light Preference | Full Sun |
|---|---|
| Water Preference | Moderate Water |
| Plant Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Rootzone Tolerance | Moist Soils, Well-Drained Soils, Fertile Loamy Soils |
| Propagation Method | Seed |
Foliar
| Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
|---|---|
| Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
| Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Leathery |
| Foliar Type | Compound (Odd-Pinnate) |
| Foliar Arrangement Along Stem | Alternate |
| Foliar Attachment to Stem | Petiolate |
| Foliar Shape(s) | Non-Palm Foliage |
| Foliar Venation | Pinnate / Net |
| Foliar Margin | Entire |
Floral (Angiosperm)
| Flower & Plant Sexuality | Unisexual Flowers |
| Flower Colour(s) | Cream / Off-White |
|---|---|
| Flower Grouping | Cluster / Inflorescence |
| Flower Location | Terminal |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
| Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Black, Purple |
|---|---|
| Mature Fruit Texture(s) | Smooth |
| Fruit Classification | Simple Fruit |
| Fruit Type |
Image Repository
Others
| Master ID | 29350 |
|---|---|
| Species ID | 3659 |
| Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |
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