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Xanthostemon verdugonianus Naves
| Family Name: | Myrtaceae |
| Common Name: | Red Penda, Crimson Penda, 年青蒲桃 |
Name
Classifications and Characteristics
| Plant Division | Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon) |
|---|---|
| Plant Growth Form | Shrub, Tree (Shrubby (1m-5m)) |
| Lifespan (in Singapore) | Perennial |
| Mode of Nutrition | Autotrophic |
| Plant Shape | Shrubby, Open |
| Maximum Height | 2 m to 5 m |
Biogeography
| Native Distribution | the Philippines |
|---|---|
| Native Habitat | Terrestrial (Coastal Forest) |
| Preferred Climate Zone | Tropical |
Description and Ethnobotany
| Others - Plant Morphology | Large shrub, usually about 1.0 m to 2.0 m tall, may grow into a small tree of up to 5 m in height. Leaves 5 - 8 cm long, obovate in shape, veins arranged in a pinnate fashion with a prominent mid rib. Flowers bisexual, 5 - petaled, triangular and red, 0.7 - 1 cm across with numerous long stamens surrounding a single style in the center. Stamens 1.6 - 2 cm in length while styles range from 2.6 - 3.0 cm. During fruit formation, style remains attached to fruit while stamens drop gradually. As fruit increases in size, style dries up together with the sepals and falls off to expose immature fruit. Upon maturation, fruit turns brown and dry out. Seeds are dispersed via explosive action.Increased popularity among landscape designers but not easy to grow in cultivation. Rarely grows in the wild. Planted along roadsides or parks in Singapore but usually found near coastal areas in its native habitat of Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. |
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Landscaping Features
| Landscape Uses | General, Suitable for Roadsides, Coastal |
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Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
| Fauna Pollination Dispersal Associated Fauna | Butterfly-Attracting |
|---|---|
| Pollination Method(s) | Biotic (Fauna) (Insects (Bee)) |
| Seed or Spore Dispersal | Abiotic (Explosive Dehiscence) |
Plant Care and Propagation
| Light Preference | Full Sun |
|---|---|
| Water Preference | Moderate Water |
| Rootzone Tolerance | Saline Soils / Salt Spray |
| Propagation Method | Seed |
Foliar
| Foliage Retention | Evergreen |
|---|---|
| Mature Foliage Colour(s) | Green |
| Mature Foliage Texture(s) | Glossy / Shiny, Leathery |
| Prominent Young Flush Colour(s) | Red |
| Foliar Type | Simple / Unifoliate |
| Foliar Arrangement Along Stem | Alternate |
| Foliar Shape(s) | Non-Palm Foliage (Obovate) |
| Foliar Venation | Pinnate / Net |
| Foliar Margin | Entire |
| Foliar Apex - Tip | Rounded |
| Foliar Base | Acute |
| Typical Foliar Area | Notophyll ( 20.25cm2 - 45 cm2 ) |
| Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio | 3.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Monocot) |
Non - Foliar and Storage
| Bark Colour(s) | Reddish Brown |
|---|---|
| Stem Type & Modification | Woody |
| Mature Bark Texture Remarks | Rough |
Floral (Angiosperm)
| Flower & Plant Sexuality | Bisexual Flowers |
| Flower Colour(s) | Red |
|---|---|
| Flowering Period | Free-Flowering |
| Flowering Habit | Polycarpic |
Fruit, Seed and Spore
| Mature Fruit Colour(s) | Brown |
|---|---|
| Fruit Type | Dehiscent Dry Fruit , Capsule |
Image Repository
Others
| Master ID | 1268 |
|---|---|
| Species ID | 2561 |
| Flora Disclaimer | The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. |
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