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Quassia amara

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Quassia amara

Family Name: Simaroubaceae
Common Name: Bitter-wood, Bitterwood, Surinam Quassia, Amargo, 红雀椿

Name

Family Name
Genus Epithet
Species Epithet
Name Status (botanical)
Common Names

Classifications and Characteristics

Plant Division Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
Plant Growth Form Shrub
Lifespan (in Singapore) Perennial
Mode of Nutrition Autotrophic

Biogeography

Native Distribution Central and Northern South America
Native Habitat Terrestrial
Preferred Climate Zone Tropical, Sub-Tropical / Monsoonal
Local Conservation Status Non-native

Description and Ethnobotany

Growth Form Shrub or small, evergreen tree, able to grow up to about 2 - 3 m tall.
Foliage Pinnately compound leaves typically consist of 3 - 5 elliptic leaflets with entire leaf margin and distinct drip tip. The rachis or leaf stalk connecting the leaflets is winged.
Flowers Bright red, tubular flowers are rounded at the base with a sharply pointed tip. They open slightly at the tip to reveal yellow anthers (pollen-bearing structures). The inflorescence is known as a raceme and it is borne on a red stalk.
Fruit Each flower produces up to 5 reddish brown, ellipsoid fruits that eventually turn black. Fruits are single-seeded and united at the base.
Cultivation This species should be planted in fertile, well-drained soil.
Etymology Genus Quassia is named after a Surinamese slave, Graman Quassi, who first discovered the medicinal properties in the plant. Species amara refers to the bitter taste of the plant when consumed. 

Landscaping Features

Desirable Plant Features Ornamental Flowers
Landscape Uses Parks & Gardens, Small Gardens

Plant Care and Propagation

Light Preference Semi-Shade, Full Sun
Water Preference Moderate Water
Rootzone Tolerance Moist Soils, Well-Drained Soils
Propagation Method Seed, Stem Cutting

Foliar

Foliage Retention Evergreen
Mature Foliage Colour(s) Green
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio 4.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Dicot)

Floral (Angiosperm)

Flower Colour(s) Red

Fruit, Seed and Spore

Fruit Classification Simple Fruit

Image Repository

Images

Others

Master ID 1087
Species ID 2380
Flora Disclaimer The information in this website has been compiled from reliable sources, such as reference works on medicinal plants. It is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment and NParks does not purport to provide any medical advice. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes.
Species record last updated on: 15 February 2022.
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